A Phase II Study of Ipilimumab, Cabozantinib, and Nivolumab in Rare Genitourinary Cancers (ICONIC)
Summary
This phase II trial studies how well cabozantinib works in combination with nivolumab and ipilimumab in treating patients with rare genitourinary (GU) tumors that has spread from where it first started (primary site) to other places in the body. Cabozantinib may stop the growth of tumor cells by blocking some of the enzymes needed for cell growth. Immunotherapy with monoclonal antibodies, such as nivolumab and ipilimumab, may help the body's immune system attack the cancer, and may interfere with the ability of tumor cells to grow and spread. Giving cabozantinib, nivolumab, and ipilimumab may work better in treating patients with genitourinary tumors that have no treatment options compared to giving cabozantinib, nivolumab, or ipilimumab alone.
Detailed description
PRIMARY OBJECTIVE: I. To evaluate the efficacy of cabozantinib s-malate (cabozantinib) combined with nivolumab and ipilimumab in the first or second-line (and beyond) setting for patients within each of the rare genitourinary (GU) variant histology group of interest, as measured by objective response rate (ORR). SECONDARY OBJECTIVES: I. To estimate the progression-free survival (PFS) for patients treated with cabozantinib combined with nivolumab and ipilimumab within each rare variant histology. II. To estimate the overall survival (OS) for patients treated with cabozantinib combined with nivolumab and ipilimumab within each rare variant histology. III. To estimate the clinical benefit rate (defined as complete response \[CR\] or partial response \[PR\] or stable disease \[SD\]) for patients treated with cabozantinib combined with nivolumab and ipilimumab within each rare variant histology. IV. To assess the safety of treating patients with rare variant histologies with cabozantinib combined with nivolumab and ipilimumab. V. To support tissue banking and collection of clinical follow-up data for GU tract rare histological variants. EXPLORATORY OBJECTIVE: I. To assess effects of treatment in patients with bone-only disease by bone scan. OUTLINE: Patients receive cabozantinib orally (PO) once daily (QD) on days 1-21 of cycles 1-4 and on days 1-28 of subsequent cycles. Patients also receive nivolumab intravenously (IV) over 30 minutes on day 1 and ipilimumab IV over 90 minutes on day 1 of cycles 1-4. Patients then receive nivolumab IV over 30 minutes on day 1 of subsequent cycles. Treatment repeats every 21 days for cycles 1-4 and every 28 days for subsequent cycles for 2 years in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients may undergo echocardiography during screening and undergo computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), bone scan and blood and urine sample collection throughout the trial and may undergo positron emission tomography (PET)/CT throughout the trial. After completion of study treatment, patients are followed up every 2 months for up to 5 years.
Arms & interventions
- ProcedureBiospecimen Collection
Undergo blood and urine sample collection
- ProcedureBone Scan
Undergo bone scan
- DrugCabozantinib S-malate
Given PO
- ProcedureComputed Tomography
Undergo CT and/or PET/CT scan
- ProcedureEchocardiography Test
Undergo echocardiography
- BiologicalIpilimumab
Given IV
- ProcedureMagnetic Resonance Imaging
Undergo MRI
- BiologicalNivolumab
Given IV
- ProcedurePositron Emission Tomography
Undergo PET/CT scan
Outcome measures
Primary
Objective response rate (ORR)
An objective response is defined as a confirmed complete response (CR) or partial response (PR) as assessed by Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) version 1.1. A confirmed tumor response is defined to be either a CR or PR noted as the objective status on 2 consecutive evaluations at least 4 weeks apart. Will be estimated by the number of confirmed objective responses divided by the total number of evaluable patients. Confidence intervals for the true ORR will be calculated.
Time frame: Up to 5 years
Secondary
Duration of response
Time frame: From time measurement criteria are met for CR or PR (whichever is first recorded) until the first date that recurrent or progressive disease is objectively documented, assessed up to 5 years
Progression-free survival (PFS)
Time frame: From start of treatment to time of progression or death, whichever occurs first, assessed up to 5 years
Overall survival
Time frame: Up to 5 years
Clinical benefit rate (CBR)
Time frame: Up to 5 years
Incidence of adverse events (AE)
Time frame: Up to 5 years
Eligibility criteria
Study locations (579)
University of Alabama at Birmingham Cancer Center
Birmingham, Alabama, 35233
Anchorage Associates in Radiation Medicine
Anchorage, Alaska, 98508
Anchorage Radiation Therapy Center
Anchorage, Alaska, 99504
Alaska Breast Care and Surgery LLC
Anchorage, Alaska, 99508
Alaska Oncology and Hematology LLC
Anchorage, Alaska, 99508
Alaska Women's Cancer Care
Anchorage, Alaska, 99508
Anchorage Oncology Centre
Anchorage, Alaska, 99508
Katmai Oncology Group
Anchorage, Alaska, 99508
Providence Alaska Medical Center
Anchorage, Alaska, 99508
Kingman Regional Medical Center
Kingman, Arizona, 86401
Cancer Center at Saint Joseph's
Phoenix, Arizona, 85004
Mayo Clinic Hospital in Arizona
Phoenix, Arizona, 85054
Mayo Clinic in Arizona
Scottsdale, Arizona, 85259
University of Arizona Cancer Center-Orange Grove Campus
Tucson, Arizona, 85704
Banner University Medical Center - Tucson
Tucson, Arizona, 85719
University of Arizona Cancer Center-North Campus
Tucson, Arizona, 85719
Mercy Hospital Fort Smith
Fort Smith, Arkansas, 72903
CHI Saint Vincent Cancer Center Hot Springs
Hot Springs, Arkansas, 71913
Mission Hope Medical Oncology - Arroyo Grande
Arroyo Grande, California, 93420
PCR Oncology
Arroyo Grande, California, 93420
Providence Saint Joseph Medical Center/Disney Family Cancer Center
Burbank, California, 91505
Community Cancer Institute
Clovis, California, 93611
University Oncology Associates
Clovis, California, 93611
Epic Care-Dublin
Dublin, California, 94568
Bay Area Breast Surgeons Inc
Emeryville, California, 94608
Epic Care Partners in Cancer Care
Emeryville, California, 94608
Marin Cancer Care Inc
Greenbrae, California, 94904
Keck Medicine of USC Koreatown
Los Angeles, California, 90020
Los Angeles General Medical Center
Los Angeles, California, 90033
USC / Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center
Los Angeles, California, 90033
UCLA / Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center
Los Angeles, California, 90095
Contra Costa Regional Medical Center
Martinez, California, 94553-3156
USC Norris Oncology/Hematology-Newport Beach
Newport Beach, California, 92663
Alta Bates Summit Medical Center - Summit Campus
Oakland, California, 94609
Bay Area Tumor Institute
Oakland, California, 94609
Pacific Central Coast Health Center-San Luis Obispo
San Luis Obispo, California, 93401
Mission Hope Medical Oncology - Santa Maria
Santa Maria, California, 93444
Epic Care Cyberknife Center
Walnut Creek, California, 94597
Penrose-Saint Francis Healthcare
Colorado Springs, Colorado, 80907
Rocky Mountain Cancer Centers-Penrose
Colorado Springs, Colorado, 80907
AdventHealth Porter
Denver, Colorado, 80210
CommonSpirit Cancer Center Mercy
Durango, Colorado, 81301
Mercy Medical Center
Durango, Colorado, 81301
CommonSpirit Saint Anthony Hospital Cancer Center
Lakewood, Colorado, 80228
AdventHealth Littleton
Littleton, Colorado, 80122
Longmont United Hospital
Longmont, Colorado, 80501
Rocky Mountain Cancer Centers-Longmont
Longmont, Colorado, 80501
AdventHealth Parker
Parker, Colorado, 80138
Saint Mary Corwin Medical Center
Pueblo, Colorado, 81004
MedStar Georgetown University Hospital
Washington D.C., District of Columbia, 20007
Mount Sinai Comprehensive Cancer Center at Aventura
Aventura, Florida, 33180
Holy Cross Hospital
Fort Lauderdale, Florida, 33308
Mount Sinai Medical Center
Miami Beach, Florida, 33140
Orlando Health Cancer Institute
Orlando, Florida, 32806
Emory University Hospital Midtown
Atlanta, Georgia, 30308
Emory University Hospital/Winship Cancer Institute
Atlanta, Georgia, 30322
Emory Saint Joseph's Hospital
Atlanta, Georgia, 30342
Emory Johns Creek Hospital
Johns Creek, Georgia, 30097
Saint Alphonsus Cancer Care Center-Boise
Boise, Idaho, 83706
Saint Luke's Cancer Institute - Boise
Boise, Idaho, 83712
Saint Alphonsus Cancer Care Center-Caldwell
Caldwell, Idaho, 83605
Kootenai Health - Coeur d'Alene
Coeur d'Alene, Idaho, 83814
Walter Knox Memorial Hospital
Emmett, Idaho, 83617
Saint Luke's Cancer Institute - Fruitland
Fruitland, Idaho, 83619
Idaho Urologic Institute-Meridian
Meridian, Idaho, 83642
Saint Luke's Cancer Institute - Meridian
Meridian, Idaho, 83642
Saint Alphonsus Cancer Care Center-Nampa
Nampa, Idaho, 83687
Saint Luke's Cancer Institute - Nampa
Nampa, Idaho, 83687
Kootenai Clinic Cancer Services - Post Falls
Post Falls, Idaho, 83854
Kootenai Clinic Cancer Services - Sandpoint
Sandpoint, Idaho, 83864
Saint Luke's Cancer Institute - Twin Falls
Twin Falls, Idaho, 83301
OSF Saint Anthony's Health Center
Alton, Illinois, 62002
Rush-Copley Medical Center
Aurora, Illinois, 60504
Illinois CancerCare-Bloomington
Bloomington, Illinois, 61704
Loyola Center for Health at Burr Ridge
Burr Ridge, Illinois, 60527
Illinois CancerCare-Canton
Canton, Illinois, 61520
Memorial Hospital of Carbondale
Carbondale, Illinois, 62902
SIH Cancer Institute
Carterville, Illinois, 62918
Illinois CancerCare-Carthage
Carthage, Illinois, 62321
Northwestern University
Chicago, Illinois, 60611
Rush MD Anderson Cancer Center
Chicago, Illinois, 60612
University of Illinois
Chicago, Illinois, 60612
University of Chicago Comprehensive Cancer Center
Chicago, Illinois, 60637
Carle at The Riverfront
Danville, Illinois, 61832
Cancer Care Specialists of Illinois - Decatur
Decatur, Illinois, 62526
Decatur Memorial Hospital
Decatur, Illinois, 62526
Illinois CancerCare-Dixon
Dixon, Illinois, 61021
Carle Physician Group-Effingham
Effingham, Illinois, 62401
Crossroads Cancer Center
Effingham, Illinois, 62401
Illinois CancerCare-Eureka
Eureka, Illinois, 61530
Illinois CancerCare-Galesburg
Galesburg, Illinois, 61401
Western Illinois Cancer Treatment Center
Galesburg, Illinois, 61401
Loyola Medicine Homer Glen
Homer Glen, Illinois, 60491
Illinois CancerCare-Kewanee Clinic
Kewanee, Illinois, 61443
Northwestern Medicine Lake Forest Hospital
Lake Forest, Illinois, 60045
Illinois CancerCare-Macomb
Macomb, Illinois, 61455
Carle Physician Group-Mattoon/Charleston
Mattoon, Illinois, 61938
Loyola University Medical Center
Maywood, Illinois, 60153
Marjorie Weinberg Cancer Center at Loyola-Gottlieb
Melrose Park, Illinois, 60160
SSM Health Good Samaritan
Mount Vernon, Illinois, 62864
UC Comprehensive Cancer Center at Silver Cross
New Lenox, Illinois, 60451
Cancer Care Center of O'Fallon
O'Fallon, Illinois, 62269
Rush MD Anderson Cancer Center at Rush Oak Park
Oak Park, Illinois, 60304
University of Chicago Medicine-Orland Park
Orland Park, Illinois, 60462
Illinois CancerCare-Ottawa Clinic
Ottawa, Illinois, 61350
Illinois CancerCare-Pekin
Pekin, Illinois, 61554
Illinois CancerCare-Peoria
Peoria, Illinois, 61615
Methodist Medical Center of Illinois
Peoria, Illinois, 61636
Illinois CancerCare-Peru
Peru, Illinois, 61354
Valley Radiation Oncology
Peru, Illinois, 61354
Illinois CancerCare-Princeton
Princeton, Illinois, 61356
Memorial Hospital East
Shiloh, Illinois, 62269
Southern Illinois University School of Medicine
Springfield, Illinois, 62702
Springfield Clinic
Springfield, Illinois, 62702
Springfield Memorial Hospital
Springfield, Illinois, 62781
Southwest Illinois Health Services LLP
Swansea, Illinois, 62226
Carle Cancer Center
Urbana, Illinois, 61801
The Carle Foundation Hospital
Urbana, Illinois, 61801
Illinois CancerCare - Washington
Washington, Illinois, 61571
Rush-Copley Healthcare Center
Yorkville, Illinois, 60560
Reid Health
Richmond, Indiana, 47374
Mary Greeley Medical Center
Ames, Iowa, 50010
McFarland Clinic - Ames
Ames, Iowa, 50010
UI Health Care Mission Cancer and Blood - Ankeny Clinic
Ankeny, Iowa, 50023
University of Iowa Healthcare Cancer Services Quad Cities
Bettendorf, Iowa, 52722
McFarland Clinic - Boone
Boone, Iowa, 50036
Mercy Cancer Center-West Lakes
Clive, Iowa, 50325
UI Health Care Mission Cancer and Blood - West Des Moines Clinic
Clive, Iowa, 50325
Alegent Health Mercy Hospital
Council Bluffs, Iowa, 51503
Greater Regional Medical Center
Creston, Iowa, 50801
Iowa Methodist Medical Center
Des Moines, Iowa, 50309
UI Health Care Mission Cancer and Blood - Des Moines Clinic
Des Moines, Iowa, 50309
Mercy Medical Center - Des Moines
Des Moines, Iowa, 50314
UI Health Care Mission Cancer and Blood - Laurel Clinic
Des Moines, Iowa, 50314
McFarland Clinic - Trinity Cancer Center
Fort Dodge, Iowa, 50501
University of Iowa/Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center
Iowa City, Iowa, 52242
McFarland Clinic - Jefferson
Jefferson, Iowa, 50129
McFarland Clinic - Marshalltown
Marshalltown, Iowa, 50158
UI Health Care Mission Cancer and Blood - Waukee Clinic
Waukee, Iowa, 50263
Mercy Medical Center-West Lakes
West Des Moines, Iowa, 50266
Cancer Center of Kansas - Chanute
Chanute, Kansas, 66720
Cancer Center of Kansas - Dodge City
Dodge City, Kansas, 67801
Cancer Center of Kansas - El Dorado
El Dorado, Kansas, 67042
University of Kansas Clinical Research Center
Fairway, Kansas, 66205
Central Care Cancer Center - Garden City
Garden City, Kansas, 67846
Central Care Cancer Center - Great Bend
Great Bend, Kansas, 67530
HaysMed
Hays, Kansas, 67601
Cancer Center of Kansas-Independence
Independence, Kansas, 67301
Cancer Center of Kansas-Kingman
Kingman, Kansas, 67068
Lawrence Memorial Hospital
Lawrence, Kansas, 66044
Cancer Center of Kansas-Liberal
Liberal, Kansas, 67905
Cancer Center of Kansas-Manhattan
Manhattan, Kansas, 66502
Cancer Center of Kansas - McPherson
McPherson, Kansas, 67460
Cancer Center of Kansas - Newton
Newton, Kansas, 67114
The University of Kansas Cancer Center - Olathe
Olathe, Kansas, 66061
Cancer Center of Kansas - Parsons
Parsons, Kansas, 67357
Freeman Physician Group of Pittsburg
Pittsburg, Kansas, 66762
Mercy Hospital Pittsburg
Pittsburg, Kansas, 66762
Cancer Center of Kansas - Pratt
Pratt, Kansas, 67124
Cancer Center of Kansas - Salina
Salina, Kansas, 67401
Salina Regional Health Center
Salina, Kansas, 67401
University of Kansas Health System Saint Francis Campus
Topeka, Kansas, 66606
Cancer Center of Kansas - Wellington
Wellington, Kansas, 67152
University of Kansas Hospital-Westwood Cancer Center
Westwood, Kansas, 66205
Cancer Center of Kansas-Wichita Medical Arts Tower
Wichita, Kansas, 67208
Ascension Via Christi Hospitals Wichita
Wichita, Kansas, 67214
Cancer Center of Kansas - Wichita
Wichita, Kansas, 67214
Cancer Center of Kansas - Winfield
Winfield, Kansas, 67156
Flaget Memorial Hospital
Bardstown, Kentucky, 40004
Commonwealth Cancer Center-Corbin
Corbin, Kentucky, 40701
Saint Joseph Radiation Oncology Resource Center
Lexington, Kentucky, 40504
Saint Joseph Hospital East
Lexington, Kentucky, 40509
University of Kentucky/Markey Cancer Center
Lexington, Kentucky, 40536
Saint Joseph London
London, Kentucky, 40741
Jewish Hospital
Louisville, Kentucky, 40202
Saints Mary and Elizabeth Hospital
Louisville, Kentucky, 40215
UofL Health Medical Center Northeast
Louisville, Kentucky, 40245
Jewish Hospital Medical Center South
Shepherdsville, Kentucky, 40165
Hematology/Oncology Clinic PLLC
Baton Rouge, Louisiana, 70809
Louisiana Hematology Oncology Associates LLC
Baton Rouge, Louisiana, 70809
Ochsner High Grove
Baton Rouge, Louisiana, 70836
Ochsner Medical Center Kenner
Kenner, Louisiana, 70065
Mary Bird Perkins Cancer Center - Metairie
Metairie, Louisiana, 70002
East Jefferson General Hospital
Metairie, Louisiana, 70006
LSU Healthcare Network / Metairie Multi-Specialty Clinic
Metairie, Louisiana, 70006
Louisiana State University Health Science Center
New Orleans, Louisiana, 70112
Tulane University School of Medicine
New Orleans, Louisiana, 70112
Ochsner Medical Center Jefferson
New Orleans, Louisiana, 70121
Greater Baltimore Medical Center
Baltimore, Maryland, 21204
National Institutes of Health Clinical Center
Bethesda, Maryland, 20892
FMH James M Stockman Cancer Institute
Frederick, Maryland, 21702
Lahey Hospital and Medical Center
Burlington, Massachusetts, 01805
Lahey Clinic Peabody
Peabody, Massachusetts, 01960
Mercy Medical Center
Springfield, Massachusetts, 01104
Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center/Winchester Center for Cancer Care
Winchester, Massachusetts, 01890
Trinity Health Saint Joseph Mercy Hospital Ann Arbor
Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48106
Trinity Health IHA Medical Group Hematology Oncology - Brighton
Brighton, Michigan, 48114
Trinity Health Medical Center - Brighton
Brighton, Michigan, 48114
Henry Ford Cancer Institute-Downriver
Brownstown, Michigan, 48183
Trinity Health IHA Medical Group Hematology Oncology - Canton
Canton, Michigan, 48188
Trinity Health Medical Center - Canton
Canton, Michigan, 48188
Caro Cancer Center
Caro, Michigan, 48723
Chelsea Hospital
Chelsea, Michigan, 48118
Trinity Health IHA Medical Group Hematology Oncology - Chelsea Hospital
Chelsea, Michigan, 48118
Hematology Oncology Consultants-Clarkston
Clarkston, Michigan, 48346
Newland Medical Associates-Clarkston
Clarkston, Michigan, 48346
Henry Ford Macomb Hospital-Clinton Township
Clinton Township, Michigan, 48038
Henry Ford Medical Center-Fairlane
Dearborn, Michigan, 48126
Henry Ford Hospital
Detroit, Michigan, 48202
Henry Ford Health Saint John Hospital
Detroit, Michigan, 48236
Henry Ford River District Hospital
East China Township, Michigan, 48054
Cancer Hematology Centers - Flint
Flint, Michigan, 48503
Genesee Hematology Oncology PC
Flint, Michigan, 48503
Genesys Hurley Cancer Institute
Flint, Michigan, 48503
Hurley Medical Center
Flint, Michigan, 48503
Henry Ford Saint John Hospital - Academic
Grosse Pointe Woods, Michigan, 48236
Henry Ford Saint John Hospital - Breast
Grosse Pointe Woods, Michigan, 48236
Henry Ford Saint John Hospital - Van Elslander
Grosse Pointe Woods, Michigan, 48236
Allegiance Health
Jackson, Michigan, 49201
University of Michigan Health - Sparrow Lansing
Lansing, Michigan, 48912
Hope Cancer Clinic
Livonia, Michigan, 48154
Trinity Health Saint Mary Mercy Livonia Hospital
Livonia, Michigan, 48154
Henry Ford Saint John Hospital - Macomb Medical
Macomb, Michigan, 48044
Henry Ford Warren Hospital - Breast Macomb
Macomb, Michigan, 48044
Saint Mary's Oncology/Hematology Associates of Marlette
Marlette, Michigan, 48453
Henry Ford Medical Center-Columbus
Novi, Michigan, 48377
Hope Cancer Center
Pontiac, Michigan, 48341
Michigan Healthcare Professionals Pontiac
Pontiac, Michigan, 48341
Newland Medical Associates-Pontiac
Pontiac, Michigan, 48341
Trinity Health Saint Joseph Mercy Oakland Hospital
Pontiac, Michigan, 48341
Huron Medical Center PC
Port Huron, Michigan, 48060
Lake Huron Medical Center
Port Huron, Michigan, 48060
Henry Ford Rochester Hospital
Rochester Hills, Michigan, 48309
MyMichigan Medical Center Saginaw
Saginaw, Michigan, 48601
Oncology Hematology Associates of Saginaw Valley PC
Saginaw, Michigan, 48604
Henry Ford Macomb Health Center - Shelby Township
Shelby, Michigan, 48315
Bhadresh Nayak MD PC-Sterling Heights
Sterling Heights, Michigan, 48312
MyMichigan Medical Center Tawas
Tawas City, Michigan, 48764
Advanced Breast Care Center PLLC
Warren, Michigan, 48088
Henry Ford Health Warren Hospital
Warren, Michigan, 48093
Henry Ford Madison Heights Hospital - Breast
Warren, Michigan, 48093
Henry Ford Warren Hospital - GLCMS
Warren, Michigan, 48093
Macomb Hematology Oncology PC
Warren, Michigan, 48093
Henry Ford West Bloomfield Hospital
West Bloomfield, Michigan, 48322
Saint Mary's Oncology/Hematology Associates of West Branch
West Branch, Michigan, 48661
Henry Ford Wyandotte Hospital
Wyandotte, Michigan, 48192
Huron Gastroenterology PC
Ypsilanti, Michigan, 48106
Trinity Health IHA Medical Group Hematology Oncology Ann Arbor Campus
Ypsilanti, Michigan, 48197
Riverwood Healthcare Center
Aitkin, Minnesota, 56431
Essentia Health Saint Joseph's Medical Center
Brainerd, Minnesota, 56401
Fairview Ridges Hospital
Burnsville, Minnesota, 55337
Minnesota Oncology - Burnsville
Burnsville, Minnesota, 55337
Cambridge Medical Center
Cambridge, Minnesota, 55008
Mercy Hospital
Coon Rapids, Minnesota, 55433
Essentia Health - Deer River Clinic
Deer River, Minnesota, 56636
Essentia Health Saint Mary's - Detroit Lakes Clinic
Detroit Lakes, Minnesota, 56501
Essentia Health Cancer Center
Duluth, Minnesota, 55805
Essentia Health Saint Mary's Medical Center
Duluth, Minnesota, 55805
Miller-Dwan Hospital
Duluth, Minnesota, 55805
Fairview Southdale Hospital
Edina, Minnesota, 55435
Lake Region Healthcare Corporation-Cancer Care
Fergus Falls, Minnesota, 56537
Essentia Health - Fosston
Fosston, Minnesota, 56542
Unity Hospital
Fridley, Minnesota, 55432
Essentia Health Hibbing Clinic
Hibbing, Minnesota, 55746
Fairview Clinics and Surgery Center Maple Grove
Maple Grove, Minnesota, 55369
Minnesota Oncology Hematology PA-Maplewood
Maplewood, Minnesota, 55109
Saint John's Hospital - Healtheast
Maplewood, Minnesota, 55109
Abbott-Northwestern Hospital
Minneapolis, Minnesota, 55407
Hennepin County Medical Center
Minneapolis, Minnesota, 55415
Health Partners Inc
Minneapolis, Minnesota, 55454
Monticello Cancer Center
Monticello, Minnesota, 55362
New Ulm Medical Center
New Ulm, Minnesota, 56073
Essentia Health - Park Rapids
Park Rapids, Minnesota, 56470
Fairview Northland Medical Center
Princeton, Minnesota, 55371
North Memorial Medical Health Center
Robbinsdale, Minnesota, 55422
Mayo Clinic in Rochester
Rochester, Minnesota, 55905
Park Nicollet Clinic - Saint Louis Park
Saint Louis Park, Minnesota, 55416
Regions Hospital
Saint Paul, Minnesota, 55101
United Hospital
Saint Paul, Minnesota, 55102
Essentia Health Sandstone
Sandstone, Minnesota, 55072
Saint Francis Regional Medical Center
Shakopee, Minnesota, 55379
Lakeview Hospital
Stillwater, Minnesota, 55082
Essentia Health Virginia Clinic
Virginia, Minnesota, 55792
Ridgeview Medical Center
Waconia, Minnesota, 55387
Rice Memorial Hospital
Willmar, Minnesota, 56201
Minnesota Oncology Hematology PA-Woodbury
Woodbury, Minnesota, 55125
Fairview Lakes Medical Center
Wyoming, Minnesota, 55092
University of Mississippi Medical Center
Jackson, Mississippi, 39216
Mercy Oncology and Hematology - Clayton-Clarkson
Ballwin, Missouri, 63011
Central Care Cancer Center - Bolivar
Bolivar, Missouri, 65613
Parkland Health Center-Bonne Terre
Bonne Terre, Missouri, 63628
Cox Cancer Center Branson
Branson, Missouri, 65616
Mercy Cancer Center - Cape Girardeau
Cape Girardeau, Missouri, 63703
Saint Francis Medical Center
Cape Girardeau, Missouri, 63703
Siteman Cancer Center at Saint Peters Hospital
City of Saint Peters, Missouri, 63376
Siteman Cancer Center at West County Hospital
Creve Coeur, Missouri, 63141
Parkland Health Center - Farmington
Farmington, Missouri, 63640
MU Health Care Goldschmidt Cancer Center
Jefferson City, Missouri, 65109
Freeman Health System
Joplin, Missouri, 64804
Mercy Hospital Joplin
Joplin, Missouri, 64804
University Health Truman Medical Center
Kansas City, Missouri, 64108
University of Kansas Cancer Center - Lee's Summit
Lee's Summit, Missouri, 64064
Mercy Clinic-Rolla-Cancer and Hematology
Rolla, Missouri, 65401
Phelps Health Delbert Day Cancer Institute
Rolla, Missouri, 65401
Heartland Regional Medical Center
Saint Joseph, Missouri, 64506
Sainte Genevieve County Memorial Hospital
Sainte Genevieve, Missouri, 63670
Mercy Hospital Springfield
Springfield, Missouri, 65804
CoxHealth South Hospital
Springfield, Missouri, 65807
Mercy Infusion Center - Chippewa
St Louis, Missouri, 63109
Washington University School of Medicine
St Louis, Missouri, 63110
Mercy Hospital South
St Louis, Missouri, 63128
Siteman Cancer Center-South County
St Louis, Missouri, 63129
Missouri Baptist Medical Center
St Louis, Missouri, 63131
Siteman Cancer Center at Christian Hospital
St Louis, Missouri, 63136
Mercy Hospital Saint Louis
St Louis, Missouri, 63141
Missouri Baptist Sullivan Hospital
Sullivan, Missouri, 63080
BJC Outpatient Center at Sunset Hills
Sunset Hills, Missouri, 63127
Mercy Hospital Washington
Washington, Missouri, 63090
Community Hospital of Anaconda
Anaconda, Montana, 59711
Billings Clinic Cancer Center
Billings, Montana, 59101
Bozeman Health Deaconess Hospital
Bozeman, Montana, 59715
Benefis Sletten Cancer Institute
Great Falls, Montana, 59405
Great Falls Clinic
Great Falls, Montana, 59405
Saint Peter's Community Hospital
Helena, Montana, 59601
Logan Health Medical Center
Kalispell, Montana, 59901
Saint Patrick Hospital - Community Hospital
Missoula, Montana, 59802
Community Medical Center
Missoula, Montana, 59804
Nebraska Medicine-Bellevue
Bellevue, Nebraska, 68123
Nebraska Cancer Specialists/Oncology Hematology West PC
Grand Island, Nebraska, 68803
CHI Health Good Samaritan
Kearney, Nebraska, 68847
Saint Elizabeth Regional Medical Center
Lincoln, Nebraska, 68510
Nebraska Cancer Specialists/Oncology Hematology West PC - MECC
Omaha, Nebraska, 68114
Nebraska Methodist Hospital
Omaha, Nebraska, 68114
Oncology Associates PC
Omaha, Nebraska, 68114
Nebraska Medicine-Village Pointe
Omaha, Nebraska, 68118
Alegent Health Immanuel Medical Center
Omaha, Nebraska, 68122
Alegent Health Bergan Mercy Medical Center
Omaha, Nebraska, 68124
Alegent Health Lakeside Hospital
Omaha, Nebraska, 68130
University of Nebraska Medical Center
Omaha, Nebraska, 68198
Midlands Community Hospital
Papillion, Nebraska, 68046
Carson Tahoe Regional Medical Center
Carson City, Nevada, 89703
Cancer and Blood Specialists-Henderson
Henderson, Nevada, 89052
Comprehensive Cancer Centers of Nevada - Henderson
Henderson, Nevada, 89052
Comprehensive Cancer Centers of Nevada-Horizon Ridge
Henderson, Nevada, 89052
Las Vegas Cancer Center-Henderson
Henderson, Nevada, 89052
Comprehensive Cancer Centers of Nevada-Southeast Henderson
Henderson, Nevada, 89074
Las Vegas Urology - Green Valley
Henderson, Nevada, 89074
Las Vegas Urology - Pebble
Henderson, Nevada, 89074
Oncology Las Vegas - Henderson
Henderson, Nevada, 89074
Urology Specialists of Nevada - Green Valley
Henderson, Nevada, 89074
Las Vegas Urology - Pecos
Las Vegas, Nevada, 89074
Desert West Surgery
Las Vegas, Nevada, 89102
OptumCare Cancer Care at Charleston
Las Vegas, Nevada, 89102
University Medical Center of Southern Nevada
Las Vegas, Nevada, 89102
Hope Cancer Care of Nevada
Las Vegas, Nevada, 89103
Cancer and Blood Specialists-Shadow
Las Vegas, Nevada, 89106
Radiation Oncology Centers of Nevada Central
Las Vegas, Nevada, 89106
Urology Specialists of Nevada - Central
Las Vegas, Nevada, 89106
HealthCare Partners Medical Group Oncology/Hematology-Maryland Parkway
Las Vegas, Nevada, 89109
Sunrise Hospital and Medical Center
Las Vegas, Nevada, 89109
HealthCare Partners Medical Group Oncology/Hematology-San Martin
Las Vegas, Nevada, 89113
Las Vegas Prostate Cancer Center
Las Vegas, Nevada, 89113
Las Vegas Urology - Sunset
Las Vegas, Nevada, 89113
Urology Specialists of Nevada - Southwest
Las Vegas, Nevada, 89113
Radiation Oncology Centers of Nevada Southeast
Las Vegas, Nevada, 89119
Ann M Wierman MD LTD
Las Vegas, Nevada, 89128
Cancer and Blood Specialists-Tenaya
Las Vegas, Nevada, 89128
Comprehensive Cancer Centers of Nevada - Northwest
Las Vegas, Nevada, 89128
HealthCare Partners Medical Group Oncology/Hematology-Tenaya
Las Vegas, Nevada, 89128
Las Vegas Urology - Cathedral Rock
Las Vegas, Nevada, 89128
Las Vegas Urology - Smoke Ranch
Las Vegas, Nevada, 89128
Oncology Las Vegas - Tenaya
Las Vegas, Nevada, 89128
OptumCare Cancer Care at MountainView
Las Vegas, Nevada, 89128
Urology Specialists of Nevada - Northwest
Las Vegas, Nevada, 89128
Alliance for Childhood Diseases/Cure 4 the Kids Foundation
Las Vegas, Nevada, 89135
Comprehensive Cancer Centers of Nevada - Town Center
Las Vegas, Nevada, 89144
Comprehensive Cancer Centers of Nevada-Summerlin
Las Vegas, Nevada, 89144
Summerlin Hospital Medical Center
Las Vegas, Nevada, 89144
Las Vegas Cancer Center-Medical Center
Las Vegas, Nevada, 89148-2405
Comprehensive Cancer Centers of Nevada
Las Vegas, Nevada, 89148
HealthCare Partners Medical Group Oncology/Hematology-Centennial Hills
Las Vegas, Nevada, 89149
Comprehensive Cancer Centers of Nevada - Central Valley
Las Vegas, Nevada, 89169
University Cancer Center
Las Vegas, Nevada, 89169
OptumCare Cancer Care at Fort Apache
Las Vegas, Nevada, 89183
Hope Cancer Care of Nevada-Pahrump
Pahrump, Nevada, 89048
Renown Regional Medical Center
Reno, Nevada, 89502
Saint Mary's Regional Medical Center
Reno, Nevada, 89503
Radiation Oncology Associates
Reno, Nevada, 89509
Memorial Sloan Kettering Basking Ridge
Basking Ridge, New Jersey, 07920
Memorial Sloan Kettering Monmouth
Middletown, New Jersey, 07748
Memorial Sloan Kettering Bergen
Montvale, New Jersey, 07645
New York-Presbyterian/Brooklyn Methodist Hospital
Brooklyn, New York, 11215
Maimonides Medical Center
Brooklyn, New York, 11219
Roswell Park Cancer Institute
Buffalo, New York, 14263
Memorial Sloan Kettering Commack
Commack, New York, 11725
Memorial Sloan Kettering Westchester
Harrison, New York, 10604
Northwell Health/Center for Advanced Medicine
Lake Success, New York, 11042
NYU Langone Hospital - Long Island
Mineola, New York, 11501
Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center at NYU Langone
New York, New York, 10016
NYP/Columbia University Medical Center/Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center
New York, New York, 10032
Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
New York, New York, 10065
NYP/Weill Cornell Medical Center
New York, New York, 10065
University of Rochester
Rochester, New York, 14642
State University of New York Upstate Medical University
Syracuse, New York, 13210
Memorial Sloan Kettering Nassau
Uniondale, New York, 11553
UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center
Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599
Margaret R Pardee Memorial Hospital
Hendersonville, North Carolina, 28791
Essentia Health Cancer Center-South University Clinic
Fargo, North Dakota, 58103
Essentia Health - Jamestown Clinic
Jamestown, North Dakota, 58401
Indu and Raj Soin Medical Center
Beavercreek, Ohio, 45431
Strecker Cancer Center-Belpre
Belpre, Ohio, 45714
Saint Elizabeth Boardman Hospital
Boardman, Ohio, 44512
Dayton Physicians LLC-Miami Valley South
Centerville, Ohio, 45459
Miami Valley Hospital South
Centerville, Ohio, 45459
Adena Regional Medical Center
Chillicothe, Ohio, 45601
University of Cincinnati Cancer Center-UC Medical Center
Cincinnati, Ohio, 45219
Good Samaritan Hospital - Cincinnati
Cincinnati, Ohio, 45220
Oncology Hematology Care Inc-Kenwood
Cincinnati, Ohio, 45236
Bethesda North Hospital
Cincinnati, Ohio, 45242
TriHealth Cancer Institute-Westside
Cincinnati, Ohio, 45247
TriHealth Cancer Institute-Anderson
Cincinnati, Ohio, 45255
Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center
Columbus, Ohio, 43210
Mount Carmel East Hospital
Columbus, Ohio, 43213
Columbus Oncology and Hematology Associates Inc
Columbus, Ohio, 43214
Riverside Methodist Hospital
Columbus, Ohio, 43214
Grant Medical Center
Columbus, Ohio, 43215
The Mark H Zangmeister Center
Columbus, Ohio, 43219
Mount Carmel Health Center West
Columbus, Ohio, 43222
Doctors Hospital
Columbus, Ohio, 43228
Good Samaritan Hospital - Dayton
Dayton, Ohio, 45406
Miami Valley Hospital
Dayton, Ohio, 45409
Dayton Physician LLC - Englewood
Dayton, Ohio, 45415
Miami Valley Hospital North
Dayton, Ohio, 45415
Delaware Health Center-Grady Cancer Center
Delaware, Ohio, 43015
Grady Memorial Hospital
Delaware, Ohio, 43015
Dublin Methodist Hospital
Dublin, Ohio, 43016
Armes Family Cancer Center
Findlay, Ohio, 45840
Blanchard Valley Hospital
Findlay, Ohio, 45840
Orion Cancer Care
Findlay, Ohio, 45840
Atrium Medical Center-Middletown Regional Hospital
Franklin, Ohio, 45005-1066
Dayton Physicians LLC-Atrium
Franklin, Ohio, 45005
Central Ohio Breast and Endocrine Surgery
Gahanna, Ohio, 43230
Dayton Physicians LLC-Wayne
Greenville, Ohio, 45331
Wayne Hospital
Greenville, Ohio, 45331
Mount Carmel Grove City Hospital
Grove City, Ohio, 43123
Greater Dayton Cancer Center
Kettering, Ohio, 45409
First Dayton Cancer Care
Kettering, Ohio, 45420
Kettering Medical Center
Kettering, Ohio, 45429
Fairfield Medical Center
Lancaster, Ohio, 43130
Saint Rita's Medical Center
Lima, Ohio, 45801
OhioHealth Mansfield Hospital
Mansfield, Ohio, 44903
Marietta Memorial Hospital
Marietta, Ohio, 45750
OhioHealth Marion General Hospital
Marion, Ohio, 43302
Memorial Hospital
Marysville, Ohio, 43040
Knox Community Hospital
Mount Vernon, Ohio, 43050
Licking Memorial Hospital
Newark, Ohio, 43055
Newark Radiation Oncology
Newark, Ohio, 43055
Mercy Health - Perrysburg Hospital
Perrysburg, Ohio, 43551
Southern Ohio Medical Center
Portsmouth, Ohio, 45662
Springfield Regional Cancer Center
Springfield, Ohio, 45504
Springfield Regional Medical Center
Springfield, Ohio, 45504
Mercy Health - Saint Vincent Hospital
Toledo, Ohio, 43608
Mercy Health - Saint Anne Hospital
Toledo, Ohio, 43623
Dayton Physicians LLC - Troy
Troy, Ohio, 45373
Upper Valley Medical Center
Troy, Ohio, 45373
Saint Joseph Warren Hospital
Warren, Ohio, 44484
University of Cincinnati Cancer Center-West Chester
West Chester, Ohio, 45069
Saint Ann's Hospital
Westerville, Ohio, 43081
Saint Elizabeth Youngstown Hospital
Youngstown, Ohio, 44501
Genesis Healthcare System Cancer Care Center
Zanesville, Ohio, 43701
Cancer Centers of Southwest Oklahoma Research
Lawton, Oklahoma, 73505
University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center
Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, 73104
Mercy Hospital Oklahoma City
Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, 73120
Oklahoma Cancer Specialists and Research Institute-Tulsa
Tulsa, Oklahoma, 74146
Saint Alphonsus Cancer Care Center-Baker City
Baker City, Oregon, 97814
Saint Charles Health System
Bend, Oregon, 97701
Clackamas Radiation Oncology Center
Clackamas, Oregon, 97015
Providence Cancer Institute Clackamas Clinic
Clackamas, Oregon, 97015
Bay Area Hospital
Coos Bay, Oregon, 97420
Providence Newberg Medical Center
Newberg, Oregon, 97132
Saint Alphonsus Cancer Care Center-Ontario
Ontario, Oregon, 97914
Providence Willamette Falls Medical Center
Oregon City, Oregon, 97045
Providence Portland Medical Center
Portland, Oregon, 97213
Providence Saint Vincent Medical Center
Portland, Oregon, 97225
Oregon Health and Science University
Portland, Oregon, 97239
Saint Charles Health System-Redmond
Redmond, Oregon, 97756
Lehigh Valley Hospital-Cedar Crest
Allentown, Pennsylvania, 18103
Lehigh Valley Hospital - Muhlenberg
Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, 18017
Pocono Medical Center
East Stroudsburg, Pennsylvania, 18301
UPMC Hillman Cancer Center Erie
Erie, Pennsylvania, 16505
Saint Vincent Hospital
Erie, Pennsylvania, 16544
UPMC Cancer Centers - Arnold Palmer Pavilion
Greensburg, Pennsylvania, 15601
Lehigh Valley Hospital-Hazleton
Hazleton, Pennsylvania, 18201
Jefferson Hospital
Jefferson Hills, Pennsylvania, 15025
Forbes Hospital
Monroeville, Pennsylvania, 15146
UPMC Cancer Center - Monroeville
Monroeville, Pennsylvania, 15146
UPMC Hillman Cancer Center - Monroeville
Monroeville, Pennsylvania, 15146
Arnold Palmer Cancer Center Medical Oncology Norwin
N. Huntingdon, Pennsylvania, 15642
Allegheny Valley Hospital
Natrona Heights, Pennsylvania, 15065
Allegheny General Hospital
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15212
West Penn Hospital
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15224
University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute (UPCI)
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15232
UPMC-Shadyside Hospital
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15232
UPMC-Passavant Hospital
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15237
UPMC-Saint Clair Hospital Cancer Center
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15243
Wexford Health and Wellness Pavilion
Wexford, Pennsylvania, 15090
Medical University of South Carolina
Charleston, South Carolina, 29425
University Cancer Specialists - Alcoa
Alcoa, Tennessee, 37701
Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center Cool Springs
Franklin, Tennessee, 37067
University of Tennessee - Knoxville
Knoxville, Tennessee, 37920
Vanderbilt Breast Center at One Hundred Oaks
Nashville, Tennessee, 37204
Vanderbilt University/Ingram Cancer Center
Nashville, Tennessee, 37232
Saint Joseph Regional Cancer Center
Bryan, Texas, 77802
UT Southwestern Simmons Cancer Center - RedBird
Dallas, Texas, 75237
UT Southwestern/Simmons Cancer Center-Dallas
Dallas, Texas, 75390
UT Southwestern/Simmons Cancer Center-Fort Worth
Fort Worth, Texas, 76104
UT Southwestern Clinical Center at Richardson/Plano
Richardson, Texas, 75080
Providence Regional Cancer System-Aberdeen
Aberdeen, Washington, 98520
Overlake Medical Center
Bellevue, Washington, 98004
PeaceHealth Saint Joseph Medical Center
Bellingham, Washington, 98225
Highline Medical Center-Main Campus
Burien, Washington, 98166
Providence Regional Cancer System-Centralia
Centralia, Washington, 98531
Swedish Cancer Institute-Edmonds
Edmonds, Washington, 98026
Saint Elizabeth Hospital
Enumclaw, Washington, 98022
Providence Regional Cancer Partnership
Everett, Washington, 98201
Saint Francis Hospital
Federal Way, Washington, 98003
Swedish Cancer Institute-Issaquah
Issaquah, Washington, 98029
Kadlec Clinic Hematology and Oncology
Kennewick, Washington, 99336
Providence Regional Cancer System-Lacey
Lacey, Washington, 98503
Saint Clare Hospital
Lakewood, Washington, 98499
PeaceHealth Saint John Medical Center
Longview, Washington, 98632
Harrison HealthPartners Hematology and Oncology-Poulsbo
Poulsbo, Washington, 98370
Valley Medical Center
Renton, Washington, 98055
Pacific Gynecology Specialists
Seattle, Washington, 98104
Swedish Medical Center-Ballard Campus
Seattle, Washington, 98107
Swedish Medical Center-Cherry Hill
Seattle, Washington, 98122-5711
Swedish Medical Center-First Hill
Seattle, Washington, 98122
PeaceHealth United General Medical Center
Sedro-Woolley, Washington, 98284
Providence Regional Cancer System-Shelton
Shelton, Washington, 98584
Saint Joseph Medical Center Hematology and Oncology - Silverdale
Silverdale, Washington, 98383
Franciscan Research Center-Northwest Medical Plaza
Tacoma, Washington, 98405
Northwest Medical Specialties PLLC
Tacoma, Washington, 98405
PeaceHealth Southwest Medical Center
Vancouver, Washington, 98664
Providence Saint Mary Regional Cancer Center
Walla Walla, Washington, 99362
North Star Lodge Cancer Center at Yakima Valley Memorial Hospital
Yakima, Washington, 98902
Providence Regional Cancer System-Yelm
Yelm, Washington, 98597
Duluth Clinic Ashland
Ashland, Wisconsin, 54806
Northwest Wisconsin Cancer Center
Ashland, Wisconsin, 54806
Aurora Cancer Care-Southern Lakes VLCC
Burlington, Wisconsin, 53105
Aurora Saint Luke's South Shore
Cudahy, Wisconsin, 53110
Marshfield Medical Center-EC Cancer Center
Eau Claire, Wisconsin, 54701
Mayo Clinic Health System-Eau Claire Clinic
Eau Claire, Wisconsin, 54701
Aurora Health Care Germantown Health Center
Germantown, Wisconsin, 53022
Aurora Cancer Care-Grafton
Grafton, Wisconsin, 53024
Aurora BayCare Medical Center
Green Bay, Wisconsin, 54311
Aurora Cancer Care-Kenosha South
Kenosha, Wisconsin, 53142
Aurora Bay Area Medical Group-Marinette
Marinette, Wisconsin, 54143
Marshfield Medical Center-Marshfield
Marshfield, Wisconsin, 54449
Aurora Cancer Care-Milwaukee
Milwaukee, Wisconsin, 53209
Aurora Saint Luke's Medical Center
Milwaukee, Wisconsin, 53215
Aurora Sinai Medical Center
Milwaukee, Wisconsin, 53233
Marshfield Medical Center - Minocqua
Minocqua, Wisconsin, 54548
ProHealth D N Greenwald Center
Mukwonago, Wisconsin, 53149
Cancer Center of Western Wisconsin
New Richmond, Wisconsin, 54017
ProHealth Oconomowoc Memorial Hospital
Oconomowoc, Wisconsin, 53066
Vince Lombardi Cancer Clinic - Oshkosh
Oshkosh, Wisconsin, 54904
Aurora Cancer Care-Racine
Racine, Wisconsin, 53406
Marshfield Medical Center-Rice Lake
Rice Lake, Wisconsin, 54868
Vince Lombardi Cancer Clinic-Sheboygan
Sheboygan, Wisconsin, 53081
Marshfield Medical Center-River Region at Stevens Point
Stevens Point, Wisconsin, 54482
Aurora Medical Center in Summit
Summit, Wisconsin, 53066
Vince Lombardi Cancer Clinic-Two Rivers
Two Rivers, Wisconsin, 54241
ProHealth Waukesha Memorial Hospital
Waukesha, Wisconsin, 53188
UW Cancer Center at ProHealth Care
Waukesha, Wisconsin, 53188
Aurora Cancer Care-Milwaukee West
Wauwatosa, Wisconsin, 53226
Aurora West Allis Medical Center
West Allis, Wisconsin, 53227
Marshfield Medical Center - Weston
Weston, Wisconsin, 54476
Billings Clinic-Cody
Cody, Wyoming, 82414
Welch Cancer Center
Sheridan, Wyoming, 82801
References
- Girardi DM, Niglio SA, Mortazavi A, Nadal R, Lara P, Pal SK, Saraiya B, Cordes L, Ley L, Ortiz OS, Cadena J, Diaz C, Bagheri H, Redd B, Steinberg SM, Costello R, Chan KS, Lee MJ, Lee S, Yu Y, Gurram S, Chalfin HJ, Valera V, Figg WD, Merino M, Toubaji A, Streicher H, Wright JJ, Sharon E, Parnes HL, Ning YM, Bottaro DP, Cao L, Trepel JB, Apolo AB. Cabozantinib plus Nivolumab Phase I Expansion Study in Patients with Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma Refractory to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy. Clin Cancer Res. 2022 Apr 1;28(7):1353-1362. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-21-3726.(PubMed)